BA Intranational Law

Inputs: The study of the science of law requires defining the scientific foundations on which it is based in explaining its characteristics that distinguish it from other sciences, and explaining the idea of ​​the legal rule and its subsequent provisions within the framework of the general theory of right.

Outputs: Clarifying the rights of individuals and society and providing them with an initial legal culture that helps them to study in depth the various aspects of the science of law that legislates rights, defines their boundaries, imposes their guarantees, and consolidates the idea of ​​the relationship between law and right.

Vocabulary: - the general theory of right - the definition of the legal base - the relationship of law with other sciences - the sources of law - the interpretation of law - the application of the law - the natural and legal person - the concept of things and money.

Inputs Focus on many economic concepts and define the concept and scope of economics and the economic problem and how to distribute economic resources to different uses and through the study of the curriculum of economics and economic laws and economic doctrines and economic systems and the development of economic theory through the study of commodity and money and the law of value and money and its role in the national economy And wages and study competition law and forms of competition in economic systems. It is necessary to research the new global economic system, economic blocs, international financial institutions, the World Trade Organization and multinational companies. Outputs: deepening the information of the law program students in the principles of economics from various aspects related to giving an in-depth knowledge of the scientific and practical side by studying practical aspects about carrying out economic activities, especially the rights generated by it when establishing and practicing economic activities and their role in the national economy Evidence of achieving outcomes can be It should be in the form of research seminars, an oral exam, a written exam, and the research seminars should be within the vocabulary of the course and enhance the practical aspect of the course vocabulary and enhance the student’s research and practical experience. . Vocabulary: 1 Introduction to economics 2. Capitalist economic system 3. Competition capitalism - monopoly capitalism. 4. The new world economic order. 5. International economic blocs.

Input: includes a definition of criminal law, in general, and comparative penal law in particular, and studies its development and objectives, with a focus on clarifying the nature of the crime, its types and elements.

Outputs The importance of the course: The Penal Code reflects the development of penal thought and its philosophy, which is based on the principle of legality of crimes and penalties. The Penal Code is distinguished by its sources that depend mainly on written rules, and the feature of their application in terms of time and place, which requires studying the concept of crime and determining its causes, elements, types and development throughout history. To be familiar with the basic principles contained in the Penal Code and to explain the reasons that necessitated the legislator to criminalize some prohibited behavior that the law classifies in several categories according to criteria determined by the directions of the penal policy of this or that country, which paves the way for determining the criminal responsibility for committing crimes and imposing punishment against the perpetrators and those involved in them.

Vocabulary: - Philosophy of penal thought - Definition of penal law - Sources of penal law - Interpretation of penal law - Application of penal law - The principle of legality of crimes and penalties - The principle of non-retroactivity of the Penal Code - The principle of territoriality of the Penal Code - The concept of crime and its types - Elements of crime and its attempt

Inputs: It includes a set of legal rules contained in the constitution and what is settled by constitutional custom. The constitution is the supreme system of all laws and regulations in the state, and it reflects its ideology and the nature of its system. It defines the rights of the citizen, the relationship of the individual to society, and the ruler to the ruled, in addition to explaining the most important prevailing constitutional and electoral systems. Outputs: Familiarity with the rules of constitutional law and how to approve and amend them, as well as deepening legal knowledge of the basic principles that govern states with their various systems, and then conducting a comparative analysis between these systems, in preparation for understanding the content of the constitutional and political system of each state and the working mechanism of its institutions.. Vocabulary: - Defining the constitution and its types - Methods of the constitution's emergence - amending and ending the constitution - the principle of the supremacy of the constitution - oversight of the constitutionality of laws - the general theory of the state - theories of sovereignty and power - the prevailing electoral systems - the parliamentary constitutional system - the presidential constitutional system - the mixed constitutional system - the constitutional system

The course “Introduction to Distance Learning” deals with the difference between classroom teaching and distance learning, whether technically resulting from the use of new tools, or in terms of student and supervisor duties and methods of work. At the end of this course, the student should be able to: 1. Know distance learning and its difference from distance education or e-learning; 2. Distinguish the difference between virtual learning and formal education; 3. Mastering virtual learning tools; 4. Know the duties of the student and the duties of the supervisor in virtual learning.

Inputs: Political science is considered one of the most recent social sciences, and the concepts and issues it deals with are still subject to controversy and controversy between thinkers and politicians. This is due to the modernity of political science, the overlapping of data that constitutes political phenomena, and the researchers' affiliation with different schools of thought. The importance of political science stems from the fact that politics has occupied a distinguished position in today’s world, as it includes various fields of human activity and dominates people’s lives and subject them to its obligations resulting from the regularity within the framework of civil society, meaning that the era in which we live is the era of the prevalence of the political phenomenon in its broadest sense.

Outputs: - Knowing what political science is and the issues it deals with - The student identifies with the purpose of political science - Distinguishing between the theoretical and practical frameworks within which the political leadership moves - Knowing the most prominent schools and political theories - Understanding the liberal school. Understands the socialist school Understands the holistic school Knowing the importance of the method or method in scientific research Knowing the means of scientific research Knowing the goals of scientific research Knowing the components of the state Understanding the basic authorities in the modern state and the mechanism of action of these authorities Distinguishing between forms of states and political systems - Knowing the causes of political conflict - Knowing the active forces: such as political parties, unions, and the military institution - The state, its components and basic powers - Forms of states and political systems Forces and groups - Political experience Historical knowledge of the political experience - Identifying the manifestations and characteristics of political life - Knowing the political scene

Vocabulary: -The development of political science and its relationship to other sciences. - The development of the political phenomenon throughout history - Schools and political theories - Methods and methods of scientific research in politics - The state, its components and basic powers - Forms of states and political systems - Political forces and groups - Political experience.

The course aims to enable the student to study how the law arose, to know the sources that contributed to the formation of the legal base during the different ages, to know the extent to which the previous nations and peoples reached in terms of progress and prosperity or delay and deterioration, and to understand contemporary legal systems, laws and principles through knowledge of their origins and history. Through the study of the material, the student learns about the origin of law in ancient societies, as the law is not new today. He also learns about the most important legislations of ancient peoples, the sources of their legal base, and the historical origins of many legal rules, as well as a statement of the legal systems that prevailed in ancient societies.

Inputs: No organized society can continue to survive and grow depending only on the services and expenditures provided by the state to meet the economic and social burdens of the citizen. For this reason, it was necessary to pass some laws and regulations that legislate the phenomenon of cooperation so that it does not deviate from its noble humanitarian goals, namely, to secure an appropriate standard of living for citizens and to contribute to the process of economic and social development.

Outputs: realizing the importance of the cooperative phenomenon and the extent of its success in achieving the goals it seeks, and motivating its encouragement and use as an effective tool for settling many problems that the state and the private sector are sometimes unable to find appropriate solutions to. As well as allowing the search for the optimal legal mechanism for the cooperative sector to play its role effectively - Vocabulary: the importance of cooperation, its emergence and principles - - Consumer cooperative societies - - Rules for forming, managing and controlling consumer cooperative societies. The finances of the cooperative societies and the responsibility of its members - the termination, dissolution and liquidation of the cooperative societies - the housing cooperative societies - - the establishment of the housing cooperative - the management of the housing cooperative - the work of the housing cooperative - the forms of cooperative concentration - - oversight, penalties and lawsuits. – – Exemptions and benefits – – Dissolution and liquidation of the housing cooperative. - Non-governmental organizations.

Inputs: Islamic legislation is a major source of legislation in most Islamic countries, and it is characterized by the richness of its rules that regulate religious and worldly affairs. Its jurisprudence schools have contributed to deducing its rulings, interpreting it and clarifying its general rules, which influenced the development of the theory of law and the determination of its contents. Outputs: 1- Familiarity with the sources of legislation 2- Awareness of the scientific reasons that led to the differences of jurists. 3- Getting to know the codified schools of jurisprudence. 4- View the emergence and development of Islamic jurisprudence. Vocabulary: - Introducing the science of jurisprudence and the sources of Islamic legislation. The time periods experienced by the science of Islamic jurisprudence - the codified schools of jurisprudence - the reasons for the differences of jurists - the definition of the science of jurisprudence rules and the explanation of the most important rules of jurisprudence.

Inputs: The Penal Code is one of the most dangerous, important and sensitive legislations because of the consequences it has on the life of the individual and his private and public freedom, and because of what it affects freedom, honor and consideration. The course is loaded on the general theory of penal law, and it discusses the basic principles of the character of a person in a crime, the penal responsibility of a person, the theory of legality, punishment and measure. Outputs: Contribute to understanding the most important basic principles in the general penal code related to the theory of punishment, legality and penal responsibility. The study of the theory of criminal responsibility and punishment contributes mainly to the legal formation of the student, and prepares him to be an experienced jurist capable of understanding and applying penal legislation in a sound application in the field of criminal justice, especially in the field of justice. Vocabulary: - the character of the person in the crime - penal responsibility and its impediments - the theory of legality (reasons for justification) - provisions and types of punishment - precautionary and corrective measures - local and mitigating excuses - aggravating the penalty (aggravating reasons) - suspension and termination of punishment.

Inputs: National legislation, especially the constitutional systems, is full of texts that provide legal protection for the rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals and secure constitutional guarantees for them. International law has also been concerned with human rights issues since the establishment of the United Nations, so the Charter made the promotion of human rights a goal. Numerous announcements were made and many agreements were concluded to achieve that goal. Outputs: Providing legal knowledge of the content of public freedoms and human rights, especially basic rights, and studying how to fortify them with binding rules, which contributes to establishing the rule of law and activating legal protection mechanisms for human rights and fundamental freedoms, as well as studying protection mechanisms in the global and regional international community. - Vocabulary: human rights in the internal legal system, including: - The right to freedom. The right to equality. The right to a fair trial. The right to life and physical integrity. Human rights at the international level, including: - Introducing international human rights law. Human rights at the level of global organization (Declaration of 1948 - Covenant 1966 - Specific Rights - International Protection of Human Rights). Human rights at the level of European regional organization (European Convention on Human Rights - European Social Charter).

The International Computer Driving License (ICDL) course is an internationally recognized measure of proficiency in computer skills. The "International Computer Driving License - ICDL" course also ensures that the holder has knowledge and proficiency in the use of a personal computer at a basic level. At the end of this course, the student should be able to: 1. Know the concepts of information technology; 2. Computer proficiency and file management; 3. Proficiency in word processing programs, worksheets, databases, and presentations; 4. Know basic concepts in the field of communications and networks.

Inputs: Controlling international relations needs a set of legal rules that should govern the behavior of international persons in their mutual relations. Undoubtedly, the history of international relations is full of various models, the old of which are similar to the modern in terms of form, and they differ from each other in terms of foundation and content. Therefore, the international rules governing contemporary relations should be determined, as well as the people to whom these rules address, and then the aspects of international relations in light of those legal rules in peace and war. Outputs: The student has a variety of knowledge about the rules of international relations. The student should clarify the differences between international relations in ancient times and contemporary international relations by setting a temporal basis for existing international law. The student learns the relationship between international law and domestic law, with research on the basis of the mandatory rules of international law, and the sources of this law. On the other hand, the student has knowledge of the persons of international law who are addressed by international rules, especially states and international organizations, with the problem of the individual’s status in this law and the development that has occurred in his legal status. The student also learns about the aspects of international relations in peace and war, so he has knowledge of treaty relations, diplomacy, the international sphere, methods of settling international disputes by legal or political means, peaceful or violent. Vocabulary: - generalities in international law - what is international law - nature of international law - theories related to the binding basis of international law rules. The relationship between international law and domestic law. Persons of international law: – States – international organizations – the individual – International relations: – International treaties – Diplomatic and consular relations – International scope – Settlement of international disputes.

Inputs: The general theory of obligations is based on the principle of the authority of the will, and its most important sources are contracts. The theory contains provisions related to how the civil obligation arises, especially its contractual sources and the conditions, pillars and effects that follow them, as well as a statement of the role of the unilateral will and the provisions of contractual responsibility. Outputs: Familiarity with the voluntary sources of obligations and the most basic principles of civil law, which is the centerpiece of the legal theory and its necessary premise, whether in public or professional life. It forms the main pillar of legal work in various fields. Vocabulary: - the general theory of obligations - the principle of the authority of the will - the pillars of the contract and its effects - the conditions for the validity of the contract - cases of contract dissolution - the invalidity and invalidity of the contract - the termination and annulment of the contract - the concept of unilateral will - contractual responsibility

Inputs: It includes a set of legal rules aimed at regulating the work of the administration, institutions and public utilities, defining their powers and the limits of their powers, in addition to clarifying the foundations of the administrative organization and its persons. Outputs: Knowledge of the general principles of administrative law as the substantive component of national legislation regulating the work of the executive authority in its administrative aspect, and revitalization of scientific thought to find appropriate solutions to the gaps that administrative work suffers from. - Vocabulary: - Definition of Administrative Law - Emergence of Administrative Law - Development of Administrative Law - Sources of Administrative Law - Application of Administrative Law - Interpretation of Administrative Law - Foundations of Administrative Organization - Persons of Public Administration - Administrative Organization in Syria

Inputs: The study of commercial law requires that the basis of commercial law be determined, that it shows the characteristics of commercial work and the importance of differentiating it from civil work, that it defines the divisions of commercial business and that it shows the provisions of commercial business. As well as explaining the conditions for a person to acquire the status of a merchant and the duties imposed on him. It should also explain the concept of the store and the legal nature of the store. The components of the store must be indicated. And to explain the store's protection from competition and to explain the behavior of the store. Outputs: 1- Understand what is meant by commercial law and its relationship with other laws. 2- Knowledge of the general principles of commercial law. 3- Knowing the types of businesses and the provisions to which they are subject. 4- Knowing what is meant by merchants and their most important obligations. 5-Understanding the meaning of the store and determining its legal nature and the most important incoming actions - Vocabulary: the subject of commercial rights. The development of commercial rights. Sources of commercial rights. First: Business - the basis of commercial law. Business division. Business provisions. Second: Merchant - Conditions for acquiring the status of a merchant. Trade regulation. - Duties of the trader. Third: The store - The concept of the store and its human rights nature. Store items. Protect the store from competition. - Actions received on the store.

Inputs: Diplomatic relations constitute an aspect of international relations, whose rules have been established as a result of international practices that have turned into international norms, so written rules. The role of diplomatic work in international relations should be defined, and the established legal rules in international relations should be clarified, and their impact on states’ interactions with each other, regardless of the nature of these relations (friendly or unfriendly). In addition, diplomatic rules are no longer based on customary practices only, but have a consensual origin through the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (as well as the consular aspect of international relations). Inputs Studying the course enables the student to deal with the vocabulary of diplomacy and answer the following questions: What is meant by diplomatic law? What are the sources of the rules of diplomatic law? What is the relationship between diplomatic law and international law? Who are the workers in the diplomatic field? How is a diplomatic envoy accredited? What is the diplomatic mission made of? What are the duties and functions of diplomatic missions and diplomatic envoys, and what are the duties of a diplomatic envoy? What are diplomatic immunities and privileges? What are the reasons for the end of the diplomatic mission? What are the consequences of the end of the diplomatic mission? How did consular relations develop? What are consular missions formed? Vocabulary: – Defining diplomatic and consular relations. The development of diplomatic and consular relations. Exchange of diplomatic and consular representation. Diplomatic and consular relations bodies. Conditions for selecting a diplomatic and consular representative. Duties and duties of diplomatic and consular representatives. Diplomatic and consular privileges and immunities. Cases of termination of diplomatic and consular missions.

This course aims to give the student an in-depth idea of the general theory of organization, and then the nature of international and regional organization and the extent of interrelationship between them, with a focus on the United Nations as an international organization, and the League of Arab States as a regional organization.

Inputs: This course allows the study of the international law of the sea as a branch of international law, the development of its rules, and the identification of the legal system of areas under national jurisdiction, and maritime areas not under national jurisdiction.

Outputs: The study aims to enable the student to understand the topics of the international law of the sea, determine its meaning, and indicate its sources and features of its rules. As well as the most important problems related to territorial jurisdiction over the various maritime areas. It also provides knowledge of the main divisions of the seas, whether they are subject to national sovereignty or what depart from it to enter into various arrangements determined by the rules of the international law of the sea.

Vocabulary: - What is the international law of the sea: - Definition - Sources - Development of the international law of the sea - Nature of the international law of the sea - Sections of the international law of the sea: - Maritime under national jurisdiction: areas - internal waters - territorial waters - contiguous zone - exclusive economic zone - shelf Continental - archipelagic waters - bays - straits - sea channels - marine areas not under national jurisdiction: - the high sea - the area of ​​the common heritage of humanity

This course aims to introduce the student to the origin of money and its historical and modern functions from the point of view of the different monetary schools. As well as access to banks and their pivotal role in the proper functioning of economic activity. This will help the student to understand the mechanism of monetary policy and its tools in controlling monetary and economic variables.

Vocabulary: - money and banks in international transactions, - money (in terms of origin, types and functions), - money supply, - theories of demand for money, - banks (commercial, investment), - central banks, - monetary policy.

The international environmental law course discusses environmental pollution issues at the international level and addresses the same international people in its rules, namely states and international organizations through international legal rules or customary rules or judicial decisions and recommendations of international organizations. Therefore, describing international environmental law as one of the branches of public international law Because it agrees with him in nature, sources and principles as well.

International environmental law is applied to the environment just like international human rights law, international law of the sea and international development law. International environmental law is relatively recent, and international environmental law - as a branch of public international law - is based on a set of legal rules that find their source in international agreements, general principles and decisions of international justice, in the field of environmental protection and in the field of international responsibility for damages Environmental pollution.

Members of the International Law Commission have pointed out that there is a large body of legal rules related to international environmental law not only in jurisprudence and treaty law but also in customary law as well, and mention some arbitration decisions such as the smlter Trail decision and the Lake Lanoux decision.

Inputs: The study of international economic organizations is a natural extension of the study of international economic law, as international economic organizations are essential persons in international economic law. If the international economic organizations are many in number, multi-dimensional and multi-scopes, it may not be possible to know them according to the specific hours of study for the course, and the scholars have chosen what the scholars agree on from the organizations that they describe as forming the sides of the triangle of the global economy (ie: the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction development, and the World Trade Organization). Outputs: The course enables students to become familiar with the most important international economic organizations operating on a global level. The student becomes familiar with the functions entrusted to these organizations. He realizes the Fund’s functions of controlling international monetary relations, creating a multilateral system for international payments, and the role of the World Bank (and its group) in providing loans, especially taking into account the development dimension, after completing the task of rebuilding what was destroyed by the Second World War, and the WTO’s function of liberalizing trade Globalism. The student will also learn about the mechanisms for settling international economic disputes offered by these organizations. Vocabulary: – International Monetary Fund: – The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. - WTO

Inputs: A study of the nature of international economic law - definition of international economic law and the characteristics of its rules and sources of rules of international economic law The development of rules of international economic law and access to common theories and various applications Branches of international economic law: International commercial law - international financial law - international law for development Study international economic blocs Outputs: The study aims to enable the student to answer a set of the following questions: What is the definition of international economic law? And what are the sources and features of the rules of international economic law? What is the relationship between international economic law and public international law? How did international economic relations develop? What are the common theories and the various applications of them? Studying branches of international economic law (international commercial, international financial and international law for development) and what are international economic blocs? - Vocabulary: What is international economic law - definition - sources - characteristics of rules - - development of international economic relations - popular theories - various applications - - branches of international economic law - international commercial law - international financial law - international law for development - - international economic blocs - International Economic Integration - International Economic Integration

This course is a specialized scientific focus for what is taught in comparative family laws, with the development of the study method to meet the requirements of personal status courts from judges and lawyers, and what qualifies the student to be able to deal with family issues, and provide advice in the light of contemporary developments and technical development, by studying some of the courses Scientific and practical, which expands its perceptions and links it with what is in force in the countries of the Middle East compared to European countries.

This course aims to give students a perspective on the reality of migration nowadays and in the future, why countries give so much effort to control their borders and how successful they are, controlling their borders successfully, can be some of the questions you would like to answer upon completion of the course .

Vocabulary: - immigration laws, - the main actors of migration, - historical background of migration, - causes, economic, political and legal challenges in migration, - legal status of migrants today, refuge and the relations between international migration and international relations.

With the beginning of the twentieth century, international law began to pay attention to international rivers, due to the development and complexity of international relations regarding the use of the waters of international rivers. The importance also increased after the increase in demand and the doubling of peoples’ need for fresh water after the steady increase in the numbers of the world’s population and the diversity of water use, which withdrew on the issue of International rivers and push for the development and study of international legal rules that regulate international rivers as one of the basic and indispensable economic resources.

Vocabulary: - Sources of international river law, - International rivers treaties, - International conferences and international river charters, - Custom international rivers, - Judicial rulings on international rivers, - United Nations resolutions regarding international rivers, - Jurisprudence of international rivers.

The course focuses on international criminal law, especially the following topics: - Defining the concept of international criminal law, its genesis and development, and its sources, - Determining the legal nature of the rules of international criminal law, and distinguishing it from other similar laws such as international humanitarian law, international human rights law and international criminal law, - International crimes , and its types. – International criminal responsibility – International criminal justice, its development and types, – The International Criminal Court.

Inputs: It contains a set of legal rules regulating trade in the field of maritime and air transport of people and goods, in addition to the provisions related to marine and air accidents and the resulting effects that require finding appropriate legal solutions due to the special nature of sea and air trade. Outputs: Knowing the main provisions of the maritime and air commercial law, contributes to supporting the legal information received in the field of land commercial law, and being able to know the rules regulating the work of these two vital facilities in a way that serves the commercial environment, national and international, and helps in settling many disputes related to maritime and air transport. - Vocabulary: Definition of maritime and air law - Sources of maritime and air law - Provisions of sea and air navigation - The legal system of ships and aircraft - The legal system of ports and airports - Maritime and air transport contract - Carrier's responsibility - Marine and air insurance contract - Maritime and air collision provisions - Assistance and rescue system - Marine and air sales

Inputs The course includes a detailed study of the legal protection established for industrial and commercial property, including trademarks, patents, and industrial designs and models. Outputs The study aims to define industrial and commercial property rights, determine their nature, and indicate the means of legal protection established for them nationally and internationally, given the importance of these rights from a practical point of view and their direct impact on commercial activity. Vocabulary 1 Definition of the distinguishing mark and its forms 2 Penal protection of the distinguishing mark (its importance and conditions) 3 Images of assault on the mark 4 Penal sanctions imposed 5 Border protection of the mark (definition and importance) 6 Border protection (procedures and penalties) 7 Civil protection of the mark in accordance with the provisions of unfair competition Legitimate (definition, importance and legal basis) 8 Forms of unfair competition 9 Civil protection for the well-known mark 10 Concept of patent (definition and conditions) 11 Procedures for granting a patent 12 Effects of granting a patent 13 Concept of industrial designs (definition and conditions) 14 Industrial designs and models (procedures) and effects)

Inputs: Information crime is a relatively recent subject that has been recently introduced to law faculties. This type of newly created crime is constantly increasing, and it reflects the negative side of the age of information technologies. Therefore, it was very important to shed light on these crimes and the mechanism of dealing with them.. Outputs: Understanding the nature of information crimes and their characteristics, and a statement of the criminal policy followed by the legislator in some Arab countries. In addition to explaining the various forms of information crimes stipulated in the aforementioned laws, the methods of prosecuting their perpetrators and the digital evidence that is used in building a public case. Vocabulary: – The nature of the Internet and the crimes associated with its use. Pictures of recent crimes. General provisions for information crimes - traditional and network crimes. - Jurisdiction. The agencies concerned with combating information crimes. New methods of proof (digital evidence).

Inputs: In view of the great importance of arbitration in settling disputes arising from commercial transactions, especially international ones, it was necessary to introduce it, review its types, and indicate its advantages and disadvantages, as well as addressing the mechanism of its occurrence and how to implement the judgment issued in its regard. Outputs: Developing the student’s knowledge of the concept of arbitration, introducing him to the arbitration agreement, the terms of its convening and its effects, the mechanism for appointing the members of the arbitration panel, its powers and responsibilities, and how it considers the issue of the dispute so that it can resolve it by virtue of its issuance, and clarify the implications of it, and how to appeal it. Vocabulary: The concept of arbitration. Arbitration agreement. - jury. Arbitration procedures. Arbitration award

Inputs: Shedding light on: the meaning of the legal scientific methodology as a content and method for accessing legal knowledge in particular and scientific in general, and the method of writing scientific research and its steps and parties, by reviewing the conditions that must be met by the researcher, supervisor, research and references, in order to formulate research with different objectives The formalities related to the research form and its discussion. Outputs: This course aims to provide students with everything related to the process of preparing and writing scientific research. It first shows the concept of scientific research and its importance, and the types or divisions of scientific research, whether in terms of a general nature, or in terms of the field or scientific field. Or in terms of the qualifying and academic purpose, and it also shows the scientific research methods (the inductive method, the deductive method, the historical method, and the comparative method) and how to use them. This course also deals with the scope of scientific research (personal and objective), its tools, and how the researcher collects information and data. From the various sources and references related to the research, how to record this information and data, the method of documenting it, and finally how to produce the scientific research (i.e. writing scientific research and medicine). deafness), and the way it was discussed and judged by the scientific committee that was formed for this purpose. - Vocabulary: - Introduction - Definition of research methodology and types of research - Parties to the scientific research “Researcher - Supervisor - Research material” - Stages of preparing scientific research and its conditions “Selecting the topic - References - Cataloging and libraries - Writing” - Printing and discussion.

Inputs: Private international law constitutes a distinct branch among the various branches of law, as it falls within its substantive scope, according to the prevailing in our country, of: nationality, the legal status of foreigners, conflict of international jurisdiction and conflict of laws. The study of nationality and the status of foreigners derives its importance by defining the rights and obligations imposed on the citizen in return for the establishment of the bond of nationality, and the same applies to the foreigner when he is recognized for a specific legal status. Outputs: The study of issues related to the nationality bond contributes to clarifying the nature of this bond and determining the criteria for its establishment from the moment of the birth of the individual as well as the conditions for granting it in later periods, and the possibility of settling disputes arising in the case of grants or abstraction. For its part, the study of the legal status of foreigners also contributes to defining the concept of the foreigner from the perspective of the concerned country, determining the most important rights that he can enjoy on the territory of that country, and the most important obligations that can be imposed. Vocabulary: - Definition of private international law - Sources of private international law - Definition of nationality and its elements - Principles of regulation of nationality - Original nationality - Subsequent nationality - Effects of naturalization - Loss of nationality - Deprivation of nationality - - Jurisdiction in matters of nationality - Definition of the legal status of foreigners - General rights For foreigners - - Special rights for foreigners.

Inputs: The study of the public finance course requires: - That this science be defined and its relationship to laws and other branches of human sciences be defined. Explanation of the three main financial instruments regulated by the science of public finance. From public revenues and public expenditures and the general budget. An applied study of the reality of revenues, expenditures, and the general budget in Syria. Outputs: Clarification of the importance of public finance for students of the Faculty of Law, and not limited to students of the Faculty of Economics and Commerce. A statement that public finance is legally studied at the Faculty of Law. So that public expenditures are studied with their components and controls. And public revenue in its legal system. And the general budget in terms of its different characteristics and stages, and to clarify that it is a law of a special nature. Vocabulary: - The study of public finance in its various stages of emergence and developments, whether neutral public finances or intervening public finances. - Identifying the three main financial instruments - public expenditures, in terms of their definition, components, and public expenditure controls. And the role of public expenditures in the financial and economic policy of the state. Public revenues in their various forms from state property revenues, fees, taxes, loans and cash issuance. In-depth knowledge of taxes and fees as one of the state's sovereign revenues. The general budget: in terms of its definition and distinction from similar financial accounts, and the features and characteristics of the general budget. The main principles of the general budget (principle of annual budget, budget unity, budget comprehensiveness, budget commonality, and budget balance). The main stages of the general budget, including preparation, approval, implementation, and implementation control.

Inputs: Private international law constitutes a distinct branch among the various branches of law, as it falls within its substantive scope, according to the prevailing in our country, of: nationality, the legal status of foreigners, conflict of international jurisdiction and conflict of laws. The study of nationality and the status of foreigners derives its importance by defining the rights and obligations imposed on the citizen in return for the establishment of the bond of nationality, and the same applies to the foreigner when he is recognized for a specific legal status. Outputs: The study of issues related to the nationality bond contributes to clarifying the nature of this bond and determining the criteria for its establishment from the moment of the birth of the individual as well as the conditions for granting it in later periods, and the possibility of settling disputes arising in the case of grants or abstraction. For its part, the study of the legal status of foreigners also contributes to defining the concept of the foreigner from the perspective of the concerned country, determining the most important rights that he can enjoy on the territory of that country, and the most important obligations that can be imposed. Vocabulary: - Definition of private international law - Sources of private international law - Definition of nationality and its elements - Principles of regulation of nationality - Original nationality - Subsequent nationality - Effects of naturalization - Loss of nationality - Deprivation of nationality - - Jurisdiction in matters of nationality - Definition of the legal status of foreigners - General rights For foreigners - - Special rights for foreigners.

Inputs: The study of the public finance course requires: - That this science be defined and its relationship to laws and other branches of human sciences be defined. Explanation of the three main financial instruments regulated by the science of public finance. From public revenues and public expenditures and the general budget. An applied study of the reality of revenues, expenditures and the general budget in some countries.

Outputs: clarification of the importance of public finance for students of the College of Law and Justice, and not limited to students of the College of Economics and Commerce. A statement that public finance is taught in the College of Law and Justice from a legal point of view. So that public expenditures are studied with their components and controls. And public revenue in its legal system. And the general budget in terms of its different characteristics and stages, and to clarify that it is a law of a special nature.

Vocabulary: - The study of public finance in its various stages of emergence and developments, whether neutral public finances or intervening public finances. - Identifying the three main financial instruments - public expenditures, in terms of their definition, components, and public expenditure controls. And the role of public expenditures in the financial and economic policy of the state. Public revenues in their various forms from state property revenues, fees, taxes, loans and cash issuance. In-depth knowledge of taxes and fees as one of the state's sovereign revenues. The general budget: in terms of its definition and distinction from similar financial accounts, and the features and characteristics of the general budget. The main principles of the general budget (principle of annual budget, budget unity, budget comprehensiveness, budget commonality, and budget balance). The main stages of the general budget, including preparation, approval, implementation, and implementation control.

Inputs: The problem of conflict of laws arises in connection with the relations of individuals that include a foreign element or more, as a result of the association of such relations with different national legal systems, and from here the legal thought created the so-called rules of conflict of laws or rules of attribution, whose primary task is to link the disputes arising from these relations to the most common law. Appropriateness, which is the so-called law applicable to the subject of the dispute. Outputs: The study of issues related to conflict of laws contributes to gaining the necessary knowledge for settling disputes related to several different legislations, where settlement takes place in different ways from those used in the context of settling purely national disputes, which are governed by the national law in the concerned country. Vocabulary: - Defining the general theory regulating conflict of laws - Defining the rules of attribution and determining its most important characteristics - The system of conflict of laws: - Adaptation - Referral - Attribution to a state where there are multiple laws - The nature of applicable foreign law - Pushing the public order and circumvention of the law - Syrian attribution rules - Rules relating to personal status matters - rules relating to money, real estate or movables - rules relating to contracts - rules relating to facts.